The effect of combined training on ABCG1 gene expression in mononuclear cells after coronary artery bypass surgery in middle aged men

Authors
rokhsareh feyollah zadeh moosavi 1
amir rashidlamir 2
Rambod khajei 1
mahmood hejazi 3
1 Department of Physical Education, Neyshabour Branch, Islamic Azad University, neyshabour, Iran
2 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
Introduction

The present study purposed to investigate the effect of combined exercise and cardiac rehabilitation in mononuclear cells on ABCG1 gene expression in middle-aged men after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Materials and Methods

The statistical population of this study was 30 middle-aged male patients who previously had coronary artery bypass surgery. The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups: control (C; n=15), combined training (endurance and resistance training, ERT; n=15). Blood draws occurred prior to and after training sessions. After isolating monoclonal cell lines using ficoll and purifying mRNA, gene expression changes were done using Real-Time PCR. Data were analyzed by repeated sampling (SPSS software version 16).

Results

Eight weeks of combined exercise resulted in a significant increase in mRNA expression of the ABCG1 gene in ERT group compared to the C group.

Conclusion

Combined training as a part of the cardiac rehabilitation process in the patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery, by affecting the expression of the ABCG1 gene in the lipid metabolism, appears to augment the process of reverse cholesterol transfer.
Keywords
coronary artery bypass graft surgery
ABCG1
Combined exercise
1. Alexander ET, Weibel GL, Joshi MR, Vedhachalam C, de la Llera-Moya M, Rothblat GH, et al. Macrophage reverse cholesterol transport in mice expressing ApoA-I Milano. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. 2009;29(10):1496-501.
2. Lewis GF, Rader DJ. New insights into the regulation of HDL metabolism and reverse cholesterol transport. Circulation research. 2005;96(12):1221-32.
3. Shao B, Cavigiolio G, Brot N, Oda MN, Heinecke JW. Methionine oxidation impairs reverse cholesterol transport by apolipoprotein AI. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2008;105(34):12224-9.
4. Wang HH, Patel SB, Carey MC, Wang DQH. Quantifying anomalous intestinal sterol uptake, lymphatic transport, and biliary secretion in Abcg8−/− mice. Hepatology. 2007;45(4):998-1006.
5. de la Llera-Moya M, Rothblat GH, Connelly MA, Kellner-Weibel G, Sakr SW, Phillips MC, et al. Scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI) mediates free cholesterol flux independently of HDL tethering to the cell surface. Journal of lipid research. 1999;40(3):575-80.
6. Shipp LE, Hamdoun A. ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporter expression and localization in sea urchin development. Developmental Dynamics. 2012;241(6):1111-24.
7. Woodward OM, Köttgen A, Köttgen M. ABCG transporters and disease. The FEBS journal. 2011;278(18):3215-25.
8. Behzad mahdi kh Ag-n, Fatemeh rahbari Z, alireza hosseini K, Mahdi jabbari N. Effect of 6-week endurance training on the expression of the ABCA1 Wistar rat liver. Research in Sport Sciences. 2008;(1):101[Persian].
9. Afzalaghaiee E, Hadian M, Attarbashi Moghadam B, Tavakol K, Zandparsa A, Jalaei S, et al. The Effects Of Cardiac Rehabilitation On Changes In The Lipid Profile Of Iranian male and female With Coronary Artery Disease Refered To Emam Khomeini Hospital Complex. Modern Rehabilitation. 2010;4(1):45-9.
10. Abbasali G sS, Sara KZ, Mostafa N. The comparison of eight weeks of combined and aerobic training on functional capacity, body composition and strength in post-coronary artery bypass graft cardiac patients. Cardiovascular Nursing Journal. 2013;2(1):34-41.
11. Ghroubi S, Elleuch W, Abid L, Abdenadher M, Kammoun S, Elleuch M. Effects of a low-intensity dynamic-resistance training protocol using an isokinetic dynamometer on muscular strength and aerobic capacity after coronary artery bypass grafting. Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine. 2013;56(2):85-101.
12. Arthur HM, Gunn E, Thorpe KE, Ginis KM, Mataseje L, McCartney N, et al. Effect of aerobic vs combined aerobic-strength training on 1-year, post-cardiac rehabilitation outcomes in women after a cardiac event. Journal of rehabilitation medicine. 2008;39(9):730-5.
13. Behrouzifar S, Zenouzi S, Nezafati M, Esmaili H. Factors affecting the patients’ quality of life after coronary artery bypass graft. Iran journal of nursing. 2009;22(57):31-41.
14. Ghanbari-Niaki A, Rahmati-Ahmadabad S, Zare-Kookandeh N. ABCG8 gene responses to 8 weeks treadmill running with or without Pistachia atlantica (Baneh) extraction in female rats. International journal of endocrinology and metabolism. 2012;10(4):604.
15. Gayda M, Brun C, Juneau M, Levesque S, Nigam A. Long-term cardiac rehabilitation and exercise training programs improve metabolic parameters in metabolic syndrome patients with and without coronary heart disease. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. 2008;18(2):142-51.
16. khajee R HA, Hamedinia M, Rashidlamir A. The effect of eight weeks of aerobic training on ABCG5 gene expression of monocytes after coronary artery bypass surgery in middle aged men. Quarterly Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. 2017;24(1)::79-88 [Persian].
17. Pollock ML, Franklin BA, Balady GJ, Chaitman BL, Fleg JL, Fletcher B, et al. Resistance exercise in individuals with and without cardiovascular disease: benefits, rationale, safety, and prescription an advisory from the committee on exercise, rehabilitation, and prevention, council on clinical cardiology, American Heart Association. Circulation. 2000;101(7):828-33.
18. Kookandeh NZ, Deldar H, Niaki AG, Pirsaraei ZA, Ahmadabad SR, Raoof Z. ABCG1 gene responses to treadmill running with or without pistachio-atlantica in female rats. Iranian Journal of Health and Physical Activity. 2012;3(1):1-7.
19. Heimer S, Langmann T, Moehle C, Mauerer R, Dean M, Beil FU, et al. Mutations in the human ATP‐binding cassette transporters ABCG5 and ABCG8 in sitosterolemia. Human mutation. 2002;20(2):151-.
20. Butcher LR, Thomas A, Backx K, Roberts A, Webb R, Morris K. Low-intensity exercise exerts beneficial effects on plasma lipids via PPARgamma. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 2008;40(7):1263-70.
21. Shafaati M. 24s-Hydroxycholesterol. Studies on regulatory mechanisms behind its formation in the brain and its potential use as a marker for neurodegeneration: Institutionen för laboratoriemedicin/Department of Laboratory Medicine; 2010.
22. Ghanbari-Niaki A, Zare-Kookandeh N, Deldar H, Zare-Kookandeh A, Baghaei-Tehrani R. Visceral fat ABCG1, ABCG5 and visfatin gene expression in response to a treadmill running program with or without a liquid Pistachio-atlantica (Bene) extraction in female rats. The Iranian Journal of Cardiac Surgery. 2013;5(2&3):10.
23. Niaki AG, Abarghooi SG, Gholizadeh M. Heart ATP-Binding Cassette Protein A1 and G1, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α and Liver X Receptors Genes Expression in Response to Intensive Treadmill Running and Red Crataegus pentaegyna (Sorkh valik) in Male Rats. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. 2015;17(5).
24. Ngo Sock ET, Farahnak Z, Lavoie J-M. Exercise training decreases gene expression of endo-and xeno-sensors in rat small intestine. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2014;39(10):1098-103.
25. R A. The effect of resistance and aerobic training on ABCG1 gene expression in athlete women's PBMN cells. Monthly Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd. 2012;20:1-9[Persian].
26. Siavoshi S, Roshandel M, Zareiyan A, Ettefagh L. The effect of cardiac rehabilitation care plan on the quality of life in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Cardiovascular Nursing Journal. 2012;1(2):38-46.
27. Kubilius R, Jasiukevičienė L, Grižas V, Kubilienė L, Jakubsevičienė E, Vasiliauskas D. The impact of complex cardiac rehabilitation on manifestation of risk factors in patients with coronary heart disease. Medicina. 2012;48(3):24.
28. Oram JF, Vaughan AM. ATP-Binding cassette cholesterol transporters and cardiovascular disease. Circulation research. 2006;99(10):1031-43.
29. Wade D, Owen J. Regulation of the cholesterol efflux gene, ABCA1. The Lancet. 2001;357(9251):161-3.
30. Francis GA, Annicotte J-S, Auwerx J. PPAR-α effects on the heart and other vascular tissues. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 2003;285(1):H1-H9.