عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
Introduction and Aims
Drug abuse including opium has extended all over the world and in Iran. Considering the 17.1 % prevalence of heroin abuse
in a village in Kerman and 3.5% prevalence of opium addiction in Kerman and also non-official reports from visitors to
medical practices it seems that the periodontal disease is prevalent among patients who are high-addict. There is few studies
in this field, Therefore this study aimed to investigate the effect of opium as an independent risk factor for developing periodontal
diseases, including gingivitis.
Materials and Methods
The study was a cross-sectional survey which was conducted in 1390 in Kerman by random Sampling. Samples were
enrolled in the test group (468 subjects) and control group (227 subjects). Gingival health indexes of CPI and GI were
measured. Data SPSS v.20, Mann Whitney test and Chi-square analyzes were performed.
Results
The two groups were matched for age, gender, education, smoking, brushing behaviors and visiting by dentist (P >0.05).
Gingival bleeding and periodontal diseases in the control group had lower scores than the study group which indicates a low
level of oral health among drug users.
Conclusions
The use of opium is associated with gingivitis and dental problems and affects negatively on oral health, although more
epidemiological studies are needed in this field.
* Corresponding Author: Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Dental Public Health Deprtment and Social Determinants of Health Research Center,
Institute for Futures Studies in Health.
Email: Tmalekmohammadi@yahoo.com
کلیدواژهها English
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