Determine the Psychometric Properties of the Body Appreciation Scales in Iranian Samples

Authors
Abstract
Introduction and Aims

The aim of the present research is study of validity and reliability of the body Appreciation Scales in Iranian samples. So far, in the assessment of body image that’s been done in Iran were almost exclusively negative aspects of evaluation. The scale used in this study focused on the positive aspects of body image.

Materials and Methods

This scale conducted on the sample of 300 undergraduate students studying at Tehran University and Shahed University. Sampling in this study is available sampling.

Results

In the present study, Cronbach’s alpha values obtained 0.88, which represented good reliability of this tool in Iran. The results of exploratory factor analysis contains two-factor model, that 12.55% variance of the Body Appreciation Scales was explained. There is a significant negative relationship between positive body image and the body image concern inventory (P<0.001) as well as between self-esteem and body image there is a significant positive relationship (P<0.001).

Conclusion

This scale can be used to measure positive body image among Iranian researchers and therapists.



* Corresponding Author: Shahed University, Department of Clinical Psychology.

Email: Saeidehizadi@yahoo.com
Keywords

1. Grogan S. Body image and health contemporary perspectives. J Health Psychol. 2006;11(4):523-30.

2. Sarwer DB, Crerand CE. Body image and cosmetic medical treatments. Body Image, 2003;1(1):99-111.

3. Jomeen J, Martin C.R. Self-esteem and mental health during early pregnancy. Clin Eff Nurs. 2005;9(1-2):92-

4. Cash TF, Ancis JR, Strachan MD. Gender attitudes, feminist identity and body images among college women. Sex Roles, 1997;36(7):433-47.

5. Rahati A. [Examine the evolution of body image and its relationship with self-esteem by comparing age groups, teenagers, middle-aged and elderly] [dissertation]. Tehran: Shahed University; 2004. [Persian]

6. Littleton HL, Axsom D, Pury CL. Development of the body image concern inventory. Behav Res Ther. 2005;43(2):229-41.

7. Thompson T, Dinnel DL, Dill NJ. Development and validation of body image guilt and shame scale. Pers Individ Dif. 2003;34(1):59-75.

8. Rezai M. [The relationship between simple and multiple anxiety, perfectionism, self-esteem, depression, social anxiety, anger and shame BMI with body image according to gender] [dissertation]. Tehran: Shahed University; 2009. [Persian]

9. Avalos L, Tylka L.T, Wood-Barcalow N. The body appreciation scale: development and psychometric evaluation. Body Image, 2005;2(3):285-97.

10. Swami V, Chamorro-Premuzic T. Factor structure of the body appreciation scale among Malaysian women. Body Image, 2008;5:409-13.

11. Tylka TL. Evidence for the Body Appreciation Scale’s measurement equivalence/invariance between U.S. college women and men. Body Image, 2013;10(3):415-8.

12. Thompson JK. Body image disturbance, assessment and treatment. Michigan: Pergamon Press; 1990,152-67.

13. Freedman R. Bodylove: Learning to like our looks and ourselves. 2nd ed. Carlsbad: Gurze Books; 2002, 63-81.

14. Levine MP, Smolak L. Primary prevention of body image disturbances and disordered eating in children and early adolescence. In: Thompson JK, Smolak L, editors. Body image, eating disorders, and obesity in youth: Assessment, prevention, and treatment. Washington DC: Taylor & Francis; 2001. p. 237-60.

15. Pullmann H, Allik J. The Rosenberg self-esteem scale: its dimensionality, stability and personality correlates in Estonian. Pers Individ Dif. 2000;28(4):701-15.

16. Mohammadi N, Sajadinezhad MAS. The Evaluation of psychometric properties of Body image concern inventory and examination of a model about the relationship between body mass index, body image dissatisfaction and self-esteem in adolescent girls. Psychological Studies, 2007;3(1):83-99.

17. Basaknejad S, GHafari M. The relationship between body dysmorphic concern and psychological problems among univercity students. J Res Behav Sci. 2007;1(2):179-87

18. Swami V, Stieger S, Haubner T, Voracek M. German translation and psychometric evaluation of the body appreciation scale. Body Image, 2008;5(1):122-7.

19. Wolff GE, Clark MM. Changes in eating self-efficacy and body image following cognitive- behavioral group therapy for binge eating disorder. Eat Behav. 2001;2(2):97-104.