ارتباط میان شاخص تغذیه سالم با افسردگی و اضطراب در بزرگسالان ایرانی

نویسندگان
مریم حاجی شفیعی
پروانه صانعی
احمد اسماعیل‌زاده
عمار حسن ‌زاده کشتلی
حمیدرضا روح افزا
حمید افشار
آوات فیضی
پیمان ادیبی
چکیده
مقدمه

مطالعات پیشین به نقش محافظتی شاخص تغذیه سالم در اختلالات روانی در جوامع غربی اشاره کرده‌‌اند ولی مطالعات در این زمینه در خاورمیانه اندک می‌‌باشد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی ارتباط بین پیروی از رهنمودهای تغذیه سالم از جمله شاخص جایگزین تغذیه سالم و شیوع اضطراب و افسردگی در بزرگسالان ایرانی بود.

مواد و روش‌‌ها

در مطالعه مقطعی حاضر که روی ۳۳۶۳ بزرگسال ایرانی صورت گرفت، اطلاعات مربوط به دریافت‌‌های غذایی افراد با استفاده از پرسشنامه معتبر بسامد غذایی ۱۰۶ موردی (Food Frequency Questionnaire: FFQ) جمع‌‌آوری گردید. پیروی از تغذیه سالم با استفاده از شاخص جایگزین تغذیه سالم (AHEI) ارزیابی شد. معیار HADS نیز برای ارزیابی اضطراب و افسردگی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. اطلاعات مربوط به سایر متغیرها با استفاده از پرسشنامه‌‌های معتبر جمع‌‌آوری گردید.

یافته‌‌ها

فراوانی اضطراب و افسردگی در بین افراد به ترتیب ۲/۱۵ و ۳۰ درصد گزارش شد. پس از تعدیل متغیرهای مخدوشگر، افراد با پیروی بیشتر از شاخص جایگزین تغذیه سالم ۴۸ درصد شانس کمتری برای ابتلا به افسردگی (۰/۷۰-۰/۳۹ :CI ۹۵ درصد، ۰/۵۲:OR) داشتند. همچنین افراد در بالاترین گروه شاخص جایگزین تغذیه سالم، نسبت به افراد در کمترین تبعیت از این الگوی غذایی، ۲۹ درصد شانس کمتری برای ابتلا به اضطراب (۰/۹۴-۰/۵۴ :CI ۹۵ درصد ،۰/۷۱:OR) داشتند. ولی پس از تعدیل متغیرهایی همچون نمایه توده بدن و دریافت‌‌های غذایی این ارتباط از لحاظ آماری معنی‌‌دار نبود (۱/۰۹-۰/۵۲ :CI ۹۵ درصد ،۰/۷۵:OR).

نتیجه‌‌گیری

پیروی از شاخص جایگزین تغذیه سالم ارتباط معکوسی با خطر ابتلا به افسردگی در جمعیت ایرانی داشت. مطالعات بیشتر، به خصوص از نوع آینده‌‌نگر، برای تأیید این یافته‌‌ها در جوامع خاورمیانه مورد نیاز است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
شاخص جایگزین تغذیه سالم
کیفیت رژیم غذایی
افسردگی
اضطراب

عنوان مقاله English

Association between Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and Depression and Anxiety in Iranian Adults

نویسندگان English

maryam Hajishafiee
Parvaneh Saneei
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
Amar Hassanzadeh Keshteli
Hamidreza Roohafza
Hamid Afshar
Avat Feizi
Peyman Adibi
چکیده English

Introduction

Earlier studies have shown a protective association between adherence to healthy eating guidelines and mental disorders in western nations; however, data in this regard are limited from the understudies region of Middle-East. We aimed to examine the association between adherence to healthy eating guidelines, as measured by AHEI, and prevalence of anxiety and depression in a large sample of Iranian adults.

Materials and Methods

In this cross-sectional study, data on dietary intakes of 3363 adult participants were collected using a validated dish-based 106-item semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Adherence to healthy eating was quantified using AHEI as suggested by earlier publications. The Iranian validated version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess anxiety and depression in study participants. Data on other covariates were gathered using a pre-tested questionnaire.

Results

Overall, the frequency of anxiety and depression was 15.2% and 30.0%, respectively. After taking potential confounders into account, participants with greater adherence to AHEI had 48% lower odds of depression compared with those in the bottom quartile (OR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.39-0.70). Those in the highest quartile of AHEI had a 29% lower odds of anxiety, compared with those in the lowest quartile (OR=0.71; 95% CI: 0.54-0.94); however, adjustment for dietary intakes and body mass index attenuated the association (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.52-1.09).

Conclusion

Adherence to healthy eating was inversely associated with a lower chance of depression in Iranian adults. Further studies, especially with prospective design, are required to confirm these associations in Middle-Eastern populations.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Alternative Healthy Eating Index
Diet Quality
Depression
Anxiety
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