تعیین کننده‌های مصرف مکمل‌های غذایی در افراد بزرگسال سالم : مروری بر شواهد موجود (2020-1996)

نوع مقاله : مقالات کوتاه

نویسندگان
اکرم سادات حسینی
طاهره دهداری
مهناز صلحی
مرتضی منصوریان
گروه آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه

با توجه به مصرف زیاد مکمل‌های غذایی و ضرورت شناخت عوامل موثر بر مصرف جهت طراحی مداخلات اثربخش، هدف مطالعه مروری حاضر این است که مشخص نماید در مطالعات انجام شده بر روی افراد بزرگسال سالم بین سال‌های 1996 تا 2020، عوامل موثر بر مصرف مکمل‌های غذایی چه بوده است؟

مواد و روش‌ها

مطالعه حاضر با بررسی 584 مقاله مربوط به 24 سال اخیر و حاصل از جستجو در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct Springer, Cochrane, Embase, Medlib, Magiran, SID, و موتور جستجویGoogle Scholar انجام شد. بر اساس راهنمایPRISMA ، 54 مقاله انتخاب و بررسی شد.

یافته‌ها

اکثر مطالعات مقطعی و کوهورت نشان دهنده تاثیر جنسیت، تحصیلات و سن بر مصرف مکمل‌های غذایی می‌باشند. تنها کارآزمایی انجام شده حاکی از تاثیر جنسیت و تنها مطالعه مروری نشان دهنده تاثیر جنسیت، سن، تحصیلات و درآمد است. زنان بیشتر از مردان، مکمل مصرف می‌کنند. با افزایش تحصیلات، سن، فعالیت فیزیکی ، توده بدنی و درآمد مصرف مکمل‌های غذایی افزایش می‌یابد. عوامل دیگری نظیر مصرف سیگار، نژاد و قومیت، ابتلا به بیماری‌های مزمن، مصرف الکل، سکونت در کلان‌شهرها، تاهل، سبک زندگی، سلامت درک شده و آگاهی بهداشتی بالاتر، مصرف دارو و خودکارآمدی نیز بر مصرف موثر بوده است.

نتیجه‌گیری

مطالعات، محدود به بررسی ارتباط بین عوامل دموگرافی با مصرف بوده و به عواملی مانند آگاهی و باورهای افراد در مورد مصرف کمتر پرداخته شده است. به منظور دستیابی به نتایج قطعی‌تر و افزایش کارآیی مداخلات در زمینه مصرف مکمل‌ها، انجام مطالعات آینده‌نگر و مداخله‌ای ضروری به نظر می‌رسد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
مکمل‌های غذایی
مروری
شیوع
دموگرافی

عنوان مقاله English

Determinants of Dietary Supplements consumption in Healthy Adults: A Review of Existing Evidence (1996-2020)

نویسندگان English

Akramsadat hoseini
Tahere dehdari
Mahnaz solhi
Morteza Mansouriyan
Department of Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction

Due to the high consumption of dietary supplements and the need to identify the factors affecting consumption to design effective interventions, the aim of the present review is to the factors affecting the consumption of supplements in studies conducted on healthy adults between 1996 and 2020.

Materials and Methods

The present study was conducted by reviewing 584 articles from the last 24 years and searching the databases of Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct Springer, Cochrane, Embase, Medlib, Magiran, SID, and the Google Scholar search engine. Based on the PRISMA guide, 54 articles were selected and reviewed.

Results

Most cross-sectional and cohort studies have shown the effect of gender, education, and age on dietary supplement consumption. The only trial study showed the effect of gender and only a review study showed the effect of gender, age, education, and income. Women take supplements more than men. With increasing education, age, physical activity, body mass, and income dietary supplements consumption increases. Other factors such as smoking, race and ethnicity, chronic diseases, alcohol consumption, living in a metropolitan, marriage, lifestyle, perceived health, and higher health awareness, drug use, and self-efficacy have also affected consumption.

Conclusion

The studies have been limited to examining the relationship between demographic factors and use and less attention has been paid to factors such as awareness and beliefs about supplement use. Therefore, in order to achieve more definitive results and increase the efficiency of interventions designed in the field of consumption of these supplements, it seems necessary to conduct prospective and intervention studies.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Dietary supplements
review
Prevalence
demography
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