مروری برتغییرات بیان میکروRNAها در کولیت اولسروز

نوع مقاله : مقالات کوتاه

نویسندگان
زینب حسین پور
زیور صالحی
گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم‌پایه، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه

کولیت‌اولسروز(UC) ، بیماری التهابی مزمن روده است که موجب التهاب و زخم در روده بزرگ می­شود. از نظر بیماری‌زایی، ناشناخته است، اما به نظر می­رسد عوامل ژنتیکی و فاکتورهای محیطی سبب پاسخ ایمنی غیرمعمول به گروهی از باکتری­های همزیست روده شوند.

میکروآران‌ایِ (miRNA) یک RNA غیرکدکننده کوچک (شامل حدود 22 نوکلئوتید) است که عملکرد آن سرکوب mRNA و تنظیم بیان ژن پس از ترجمه می­باشد. هدف از این مقاله مروری خلاصه‌­ای از مسیر بیوژنز میکرو RNA و شناسایی ژن­های هدف درگیر با بیماری کولیت اولسروز می­باشد و خلاصه­ای از رایج‌ترین تغییرات بیان miRNAها در کولیت اولسروز گزارش شده است. علاوه براین، ما نقش پاتوفیزیولوژیک miRNAها را درکولیت‌اولسروز توصیف می­کنیم. یافته­های تحقیق در پایگاه­های داده­های الکترونیکی (Pubmed و Embase) بین سال­های 1993 تا 2021 انجام شده است.

مطالعات در سال‌های اخیر بیان غیر طبیعی چندین miRNA مانندmiR-26b ،miR-223 ،miR-31، miR-155 در بافت کولون و خون محیطی در کولیت اولسروز را نشان داده است. علاوه‌براین، این بیان غیر طبیعی به شدت با فعالیت بیماری UC و سرطان مرتبط با کولیت مرتبط است. ما مفید بودن میکروRNA به عنوان بیومارکرهای تشخیص، مانیتورینگ و پیش آگهی در بیماری کولیت اولسروز را مورد بحث قرار دادیم. امید است که با درک اهمیت برخی microRNAها در ایجاد بیماری­کولیت­اولسروز، افق روشنی در پاتوژنز، تشخیص و درمان بیماری ایجاد شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
کولیت‌اولسروز
میکرو‌RNAها
بیان ژن

عنوان مقاله English

A review of changes in the expression of microRNAs in ulcerative‌ colitis

نویسندگان English

Zeynab Hosseinpour
Zivar Salehi
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
چکیده English

Introduction

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes inflammation and ulcers in the colon. The pathogenesis of UC is not well defined, but it is proposed that genetic and environmental factors result in an aberrant immune response to a subset of commensal enteric bacteria. A microRNA (miRNA) is a small non-coding RNA molecule (containing about 22 nucleotides), which functions in mRNA silencing and posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. The aim of this article is to summarize the biogenesis pathway of microRNA and identify target genes involved in ulcerative colitis and summarize the most common changes in the expression of miRNAs in ulcerative colitis. Furthermore, we describe the pathophysiological roles of the miRNAs in UC. A search at electronic databases (Pubmed, Embase) was conducted between 1993 and 2021. Studies in recent years have been shown abnormal expression of several miRNAs such as miR-26b, miR-223, miR-31, miR-155 in colon tissue and peripheral blood in ulcerative colitis. Moreover, this abnormal expression is highly related to the disease activity of UC and colitis-associated cancer. We discussed the usefulness of microRNAs as biomarkers in the diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis of ulcerative­ colitis. Understanding the importance of miRNAs in ulcerative colitis may lead to future insights into disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Ulcerative colitis
microRNAs
gene expression
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