ارزیابی ریسک غذایی فلزات سنگین کادمیوم، سرب و مس ناشی از مصرف محصولات زراعی توزیع شده در شهر رامهرمز

نویسنده
زهرا ترک زاده
گروه محیط‌زیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه

آلودگی محصولات کشاورزی به فلزات سنگین خطری جدی برای کیفیت و امنیت این محصولات محسوب می­شود. این پژوهش به منظور بررسی غلظت فلزات سنگین سرب، کادمیوم و مس در محصولات خیار، گوجه­فرنگی، تره و جعفری در میدان میوه و تره­بار شهر رامهرمز در بهار 1398 صورت گرفت.

مواد و روش­‌ها

نمونه­برداری از 3 ایستگاه با 3 تکرار به صورت تصادفی انجام شد. نمونه­ها پس از آماده­سازی و هضم اسیدی با استفاده از دستگاه جذب اتمی سنجش شدند. سپس جذب روزانه فلزات سنگین (IDM) و شاخص خطر سلامتی (HRI) مصرف محصولات محاسبه شدند.

یافته­‌ها

نتایج نشان داد که غلظت کادمیوم و سرب در خیار و گوجه­فرنگی اختلاف معنی­داری نداشت (P>0.05)، اما غلظت آن­ها در جعفری به طور معنی­داری بیشتر از تره بود (P<0.05). مقادیر مس در خیار، گوجه­فرنگی، تره و جعفری اختلاف معنی­داری نداشت (P>0.05). خیار دارای بیشترین میانگین غلظت کادمیوم، سرب و مس (به ترتیب 22/1±42/3، 47/2±79/6 و 57/1±39/4 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم) بود. تره پایین­ترین غلظت کادمیوم (56/0±72/1 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم) و سرب (64/0±72/2 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم) را داشت و جعفری دارای کمترین مقادیر مس (34/0±52/1 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم) در بین محصولات بود. غلظت سرب و کادمیوم در تمامی نمونه­ها به طور قابل توجهی بیش از استاندارد FAO و WHO بود.

نتیجه‌­گیری

شاخص خطر سلامت مس در همه محصولات کمتر از 1 بود و مصرف این محصولات تهدیدی از نظر سلامتی برای افراد نخواهد داشت. شاخص خطر سلامتی سرب در کودکان در خیار و گوجه­فرنگی بیشتر از 1 و در جعفری و تره کمتر از 1 بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها
فلزات سنگین
محصولات کشاورزی
ارزیابی خطر
شاخص خطر سلامتی
رامهرمز

عنوان مقاله English

Assessment of heavy metals food risk of cadmium, lead, and copper due to the consumption of agricultural products distributed in Ramhormoz city

نویسنده English

Zahra Torkzadeh
Department of Environmental, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده English

Introduction

Contamination of agricultural products with heavy metals is a serious threat to the quality and safety of these products. This study was conducted to investigate the heavy metals concentrations of lead, cadmium, and copper in cucumber, tomato, leek, and parsley products in the Ramhormoz fruit and vegetable field in the spring of 2019.

Materials and Methods

Sampling from 3 stations with 3 repetitions was done randomly. Samples were measured after preparation and acid digestion using the atomic absorption apparatus. Then, the daily intake of heavy metals (DIM) and health risk index (HRI) of crop consumption were calculated.

Results

The results showed that the concentration of cadmium and lead in cucumber and tomato was not significantly different (P>0.05), but their concentration in parsley was significantly higher than in leek (P<0.05). The copper levels in cucumber, tomato, leek, and parsley were not significantly different (P>0.05). Cucumbers had the highest mean concentration of cadmium, lead, and copper (3.42±1.22, 6.79±2.47, and 4.39±1.57 mg/kg, respectively). Leeks had the lowest concentrations of cadmium (1.72±0.56 mg/kg) and lead (2.72±0.64 mg/kg) and parsley had the lowest copper levels (1.52±0.34 mg/kg) among the products. Lead and cadmium concentrations in all samples were significantly higher than the FAO and WHO standards.

Conclusion

The health risk index of copper in all products was less than 1 and consumption of these products will not pose a health threat to people. The lead health risk index in children was more than 1 in cucumber and tomato and less than 1 in parsley and leek.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Heavy Metals
Agricultural Products
Risk assessment
Health Risk Index
Ramhormoz
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