بررسی تاثیر واکسن کووید 19 بر قاعدگی زنان سنین باروری شهر اصفهان در سال 1400

نویسندگان
1 گروه پرستاری و مامایی، واحد فلاورجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران
2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد،گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه: با آغاز واکسیناسیون در سراسر جهان، گزارش‌هایی از بروز اختلالات قاعدگی مشاهدهشد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی ارتباط بین واکسن کرونا و اختلالات سیکل قاعدگی در زنان سنین باروری در سال 1400 در اصفهان انجام‌شد.

روش: این مطالعه مقطعی_تحلیلی برروی 550 زن در سنین باروری مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز واکسیناسیون و جامع سلامت اصفهان در سال 1400 انجام‌شد. داده‌ها با پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته جمع‌آوری‌شد. این پرسشنامه شامل 19 سوال درباره اطلاعات دموگرافیک (مانند: سن، وضعیت تأهل، محل سکونت)، نوع واکسن تزریق‌شده، سابقه بیماری، مصرف داروهای هورمونی و غیرهورمونی بود. بخش دوم پرسشنامه از شرکت‌کنندگان خواست که پس از دریافت واکسن ویژگی‌های قاعدگی خود را بیان‌کنند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 22 و شاخص‌های آمار توصیفی (میانگین، جدول توزیع فراوانی و نسبی) انجام‌شد.

یافتهها: نتایج نشان‌داد که تفاوت معناداری بین دو گروه زنان از نظر ویژگی‌های قاعدگی شامل حجم خونریزی (p=0.406)، دیسمنوره (p=0.167)، لکه‌بینی شدید (p=0.712)، تغییر فاصله دو قاعدگی (p=0.366)، مدت خونریزی (p=0.168)، افزایش وزن ناگهانی (p=0.427) و ریزش مو (p=0.098) وجود ندارد.

نتیجهگیری: نتایج این پژوهش نشان‌داد که واکسیناسیون تأثیری بر بروز اختلالات قاعدگی ندارد. اما برای درک بهتر شیوع این اختلالات و مکانیسم‌های فیزیولوژیکی احتمالی پس از واکسیناسیون COVID-19 به منظور ارائه راهکارهای پیشگیرانه یا درمانی، تحقیقات بیشتری لازم است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Investigating the Effect of the Covid-19 Vaccine on the Menstruation of Women of Reproductive Age in Isfahan City in the Year 2021

نویسندگان English

Shekoofeh Alinaqian 1
Tahereh Heydarian 2
Maryam Allahdadian 1
Shamila Mosharraf 1
Behrouz Rezaei 1
Fatemeh Derakhshan 1
چکیده English

Introduction: With the global rollout of COVID-19 vaccination, reports of menstrual irregularities began to emerge. This study aimed to examine the association between COVID-19 vaccination and menstrual cycle disorders among women of reproductive age in Isfahan in 2021.

Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 550 women of reproductive age who visited vaccination centers and health centers in Isfahan in 2021. Data were collected using a researcher-designed questionnaire consisting of 19 questions covering demographic information (such as age, marital status, and residence), type of vaccine received, history of illness, and use of hormonal and non-hormonal medications. In the second part of the questionnaire, participants were asked to report any menstrual characteristics they experienced after receiving the vaccine. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 22) and descriptive statistics (mean, frequency distribution, and relative frequency).

Results: The results indicated no significant difference between the two groups of women in terms of menstrual characteristics, including menstrual bleeding volume (p=0.406), dysmenorrhea (p=0.167), severe spotting (p=0.712), change in menstrual interval (p=0.366), bleeding duration (p=0.168), sudden weight gain (p=0.427), and hair loss (p=0.098).

Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that COVID-19 vaccination did not significantly impact the incidence of menstrual cycle disorders. However, further research is needed to better understand the current prevalence of these disorders and the potential physiological mechanisms underlying these changes post-COVID-19 vaccination, in order to provide a more effective preventive or therapeutic approach.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

COVID-19 Vaccines
Menstruation Disturbances
Dysmenorrhea
Menstrual Cycle
1. Edelman A, Boniface ER, Benhar E, Han L, Matteson KA, Favaro C, et al. Association Between Menstrual Cycle Length and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination: A U.S. Cohort. Obstet Gynecol. 2022;139(4):481-9.
2. Minakshi R, Rahman S, Ayaggari A, Dutta D, Shankar A. Understanding the Trauma of Menstrual Irregularity After COVID Vaccination: A Bird's-Eye View of Female Immunology. Front Immunol. 2022;13:906091.
3. Jonathan S.Berek M, MMS. Berek&Novaks Gynecology. 16 ed. Tehran: Golban; 2020. p. 235-8.
4. Jonathan S.Berek M, MMS. Berek & Novaks Gynecology. 16 ed. Tehran: Golban; 2020. p. 1126.
5. Abdollahi A, Naseh I, Kalroozi F, Kazemi-Galougahi MH, Nezamzadeh M, Sabeti Billandi S, et al. Comparison of Side Effects of COVID-19 Vaccines: Sinopharm, AstraZeneca, Sputnik V, and Covaxin in Women in Terms of Menstruation Disturbances, Hirsutism, and Metrorrhagia: A Descriptive-Analytical Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Fertil Steril. 2022;16(3):237-43.
6. Williams N, Berga S, Cameron J. Synergism between psychosocial and metabolic stressors: Impact on reproductive function in cynomolgus monkeys. American journal of physiology Endocrinology and metabolism. 2007;293:E270-6.
7. Katz A, Tepper Y, Birk O, Eran A. Web and social media searches highlight menstrual irregularities as a global concern in COVID-19 vaccinations. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):17657.
8. Rodríguez Quejada L, Toro Wills MF, Martínez-Ávila MC, Patiño-Aldana AF. Menstrual cycle disturbances after COVID-19 vaccination. Womens Health (Lond). 2022;18:17455057221109375.
9. Male V. Menstrual changes after covid-19 vaccination. Bmj. 2021;374:n2211.
10. ElBagoury M, Tolba MM, Nasser HA, Jabbar A, Elagouz AM, Aktham Y, et al. The find of COVID-19 vaccine: Challenges and opportunities. J Infect Public Health. 2021;14(3):389-416.
11. Rodríguez Quejada L, Toro Wills MF, Martínez-Ávila MC, Patiño-Aldana AF. Menstrual cycle disturbances after COVID-19 vaccination. Womens Health 2022;18:17455057221109375.
12. Marzieh E, Ramazan F, Taraneh Emamgholi K, Jafar H. The effect of stress management group counseling on the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome. Hayat. 2018;23(4):358-71.
13. Muhaidat N, Alshrouf M, Azzam M, Karam A, Al-Nazer M, Al-Ani A. Menstrual Symptoms After COVID-19 Vaccine: A Cross-Sectional Investigation in the MENA Region. International Journal of Women's Health. 2022;14:395-404.
14. Rodríguez Quejada L, Toro Wills MF, Martínez-Ávila MC, Patiño-Aldana AF. Menstrual cycle disturbances after COVID-19 vaccination. Womens Health 2022;18.
15. Khan GA, Althubaiti A, Alshrif A, Alsayed Z, Jifree H. Dysmenorrhea, intermenstrual bleeding, menstrual flow volume changes, and irregularities following COVID-19 vaccination and the association with vaccine skepticism: A retrospective observational study. Womens Health 2023;19.
16. Trogstad L, Laake I, Robertson AH, Mjaaland S, Caspersen IH, Juvet LK, et al. Heavy bleeding and other menstrual disturbances in young women after COVID-19 vaccination. Vaccine. 2023;41(36):5271-82.
17. Darney BG, Boniface ER, Van Lamsweerde A, Han L, Matteson KA, Cameron S, et al. Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccination on menstrual bleeding quantity: an observational cohort study. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 2023;130(7):803-12.
18. Caspersen IH, Juvet LK, Feiring B, Laake I, Robertson AH, Mjaaland S, et al. Menstrual disturbances in 12-to 15-year-old girls after one dose of COVID-19 Comirnaty vaccine: Population-based cohort study in Norway. Vaccine. 2023;41(2):614-20.
19. Baena-García L, Aparicio VA, Molina-López A, Aranda P, Cámara-Roca L, Ocón-Hernández O. Premenstrual and menstrual changes reported after COVID-19 vaccination: The EVA project. Womens Health (Lond). 2022;18:17455057221112237.
20. Al Kadri HM, Al Sudairy AA, Alangari AS, Al Khateeb BF, El-Metwally AA. COVID-19 vaccination and menstrual disorders among women: Findings from a meta-analysis study. J Infect Public Health. 2023;16(5):697-704.
21. Fallatah NI, Alrehaili BO, Alsulami SS, Al-Zalabani AH. Menstrual Changes Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Study. Medicina (Kaunas). 2024;60(2).
22. Peinemann F, Oberle D, Drechsel-Bäuerle U, Keller-Stanislawski B. Adverse Menstrual Events Reported After and Before (or Without) COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative Observational Studies. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2024;33(8):e5877.
23. Fedele F, Aria M, Esposito V, Micillo M, Cecere G, Spano M, et al. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: a survey in a population highly compliant to common vaccinations. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021;17(10):3348-54.
24. Smith-Norowitz TA, Silverberg JI, Norowitz EM, Kohlhoff S, Hammerschlag MR. Factors impacting vaccine hesitancy toward Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccination in Brooklyn, New York. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021;17(11):4013-4.
25. Hatmal MM, Al-Hatamleh MAI, Olaimat AN, Mohamud R, Fawaz M, Kateeb ET, et al. Reported Adverse Effects and Attitudes among Arab Populations Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Large-Scale Multinational Study Implementing Machine Learning Tools in Predicting Post-Vaccination Adverse Effects Based on Predisposing Factors. Vaccines (Basel). 2022;10(3).