مروری بر سمیت ارگانی و عوارض بالینی ناشی از زعفران

نوع مقاله : مقالات کوتاه

نویسندگان
امید مهرپور 1
طاهره فرخنده 2
محمد ابراهیم روان بخش 3
امیر حسین ابراهیمی 3
سعید سمرقندیان 4
1 مرکز دارو و سم شناسی راکی، دنور، آمریکا
2 مرکز تحقیقـات بیماریهای قلب و عروق، دانشگـاه علوم پزشکـی بیرجند ، بیرجـند ،ایـران
3 مرکز تحقیقـات مسمومیت ها و سوء مصرف مواد، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران
4 دانشگاه علوم پزشکی نیشابور
چکیده
مقدمه

زعفران گیاهی چند ساله متعلق به خانواده زنبق می­باشد که از دیرباز در طب سنتی به عنوان دارویی موثر جهت درمان بیماری­‌های چشمی، سیستم عصبی، گوارشی، کلیوی، قلبی عروقی، تنفسی و تولیدمثلی مورد استفاده می­‌باشد. تحقیقات فارماکولوژیک اثرات آنتی اکسیدانی، ضدالتهابی و آنتی آپوپتوسیس (مرگ پیش بینی شده) زﻋﻔﺮان و ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻮﺛﺮه آن را نشان داده‌­اند. با این وجود، گزارشاتی مبنی بر اثرات سمی زعفران و مواد موثره آن (کروسین، کروستین، سافرانال) ارائه گردیده است. مطالعه حاضر مروری بر مستندات علمی موجود در زمینه اثرات سمی زعفران و مواد موثره آن می‌­باشد.

مواد و روش‌­ها

ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ اثرات سمی و عوارض جانبی زﻋﻔﺮان و مواد موثره آن ﻣﻘﺎﻻت انگلیسی در پایگاه‌­های اطلاعاتی Pubmed، Scopus و Google Scholar با کلمات کلیدیCrocus sativus، saffron،safranal ،toxicity ، crocetin، crocin، picrocrocin موجود تا 2019 میلادی جستجو گردید.

یافته­‌ها

مطالعه حاضر اطلاعات طبقه­‌بندی شده در مورد اثرات سمیت ارگانی زعفران و مواد موثره آن و همچنین عوارض جانبی آن در انسان ارائه می‌­دهد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد دوزهای درمانی زعفران و مواد موثره آن در دوزهای درمانی در مطالعات بالینی و تجربی عوارض سمی ایجاد نمی­‌کنند.

نتیجه­‌گیری

با توجه به محدودیت­‌های مطالعات انجام شده در زمینه اثرات سمی زعفران و مواد موثره آن در انسان، ایمنی این گیاه نامشخص است. لذا پرهیز از مصرف دوزهای بالای آن به خصوص در زنان باردار اکیدا توصیه می‌­گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
زعفران
سافرانال
کروسین
کروستین
سمیت

عنوان مقاله English

Saffron, Organ Toxicity and Clinical Complications: A Review

نویسندگان English

Omid Mehrpour 1
Tahereh Farkhondeh 2
Mohammadebrahim Ravanbakhsh 3
Amirhossein Ebrahimi 3
Saeed Samarghandian 4
1 Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center, Denver, Colorado
2 Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
3 Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction: The perennial herb saffron belongs to the Lily family. From ancient times, saffron as traditional medicine is used as an effective drug for treatment of eye, nervous system, digestive system, kidney, cardiovascular, respiratory, and reproductive systems disorders. Pharmacological research has shown the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of saffron and its compounds. However, reports have been made on the toxic effects of saffron and its active substances (Crocin, Crosteen, Safranal). This review considered the scientific literature on the toxic effects of saffron and its active ingredients.

Methods: We searched the literature for basic and clinical studies concerned with the toxic effects of saffron and its active compounds. The electronic databases including PubMed-Medline, Embase, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched till to 2019. Keywords were crocus sativus, saffron, safranal, toxicity, crocetin, crocin, picrocrocin combined in different ways to retrieve related articles.

Results: The present study provides information on the organic toxicity of saffron and its active components, as well as their side effects in humans. The results of this study showed that the therapeutic doses of saffron and its active ingredients do not induce toxic effects in clinical or experimental studies. Conclusion: Due to the reported toxic effects of saffron and its components in humans, thus the safety of this plant is unclear. It seems that the use of high doses of saffron, especially for pregnant women, should be taken with more care.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Saffron
Safranal
Crocin
Crocetin
Toxicity
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