بررسی اثرات ضد افسردگی عصاره آبی‌الکلی برگ‌های گیاه پنیرک در موش‌های سوری تحت مسمومیت با رزرپین

نویسندگان
رحمت اله پرندین
کیومرث آرمند تراب
گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه

گیاه پنیرک نماد آرامش است و دارای خواص آنتی­اکسیدانی و آنتی­رادیکالی می­باشد. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثرات ضدافسردگی آن در موش‌های سوری به روش آزمون شنای اجباری و آویزان کردن از دم بود.

مواد و روش­ها

در این مطالعه تجربی، 42 موش سوری نر در ۶ گروه 7 تایی شامل گروه­های شاهد (نرمال‌سالین)، کنترل منفی (رزرپین)، کنترل مثبت (فلوکستین) و سه گروه عصاره برگ پنیرک (150، 300 و 450 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم به روش درون­صفاقی) بررسی شدند. جهت سنجش افسردگی از آزمون­های رفتاری شنای اجباری و آویزان کردن از دم استفاده شد. ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و میزان مالون­دی‌آلدئید مغز نیز تعیین شد.

یافته­ها

تجویز رزرپین موجب افزایش معنا‌دار زمان بی‌حرکتی در آزمون­های رفتاری شد. تجویز فلوکستین و عصاره گیاه در همه دوزها در آزمون شنای اجباری (001/0P<) و در دوزهای 300 (01/0P<) و 450 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم (001/0P<) در آزمون آویزان کردن از دم، زمان بی‌حرکتی را کاهش دادند. تجویز رزرپین سبب کاهش معنا‌دار ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و افزایش معنی‌دار مالون­دی‌آلدئید مغز شد. فلوکستین و عصاره گیاه در دوزهای 300 و 450 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی را افزایش و میزان مالون‌دی­آلدئید را کاهش دادند.

نتیجه­گیری

نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان می­دهد که برگ پنیرک واجد فعالیت ضدافسردگی شبیه به فلوکستین است و ممکن است این اثرات را بواسطه ترکیبات آنتی­اکسیدانی­ و آنتی‌رادیکالی‌اش بروز دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
آزمون شنای اجباری
پنیرک
رزرپین
ضدافسردگی
موش سوری

عنوان مقاله English

Antidepressant effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Malva sylvestris leaves using mice model of depression induced by reserpine

نویسندگان English

Rahmatollah Parandin
Kiomars Armand torab
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction

Malva sylvestris is a symbol of calmness and has antioxidant and radical scavenging properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the antidepressant effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Malva sylvestris leaves in mice using forced swim and tail suspension tests.

Materials and Methods

In this experimental study, 42 male mice were distributed in 6 groups (n=7), including vehicle (normal saline), negative control (reserpine), fluoxetine (positive control), and three groups treated with hydroalcoholic extract of Malva sylvestris (150, 300 or 450 mg/kg, i.p.). Forced swim and tail suspension behavioral tests were used to measure depression in mice. Antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in brain of mice were determined.

Results

Reserpine treatment significantly increased the time of immobility in behavioral tests. Fluoxetine and extract in all three doses in the Forced swim (P<0.001) and at 300 (P<0.01) and 450 mg/kg (P<0.001) doses reduced the immobility time. Reserpine significantly increased the MDA level and decreased the antioxidant capacity of brain. Fluoxetine and extract at 300 and 450 mg/kg doses increased antioxidant capacity and reduced the MDA level of brain.

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest that Malva sylvestris leaves have an antidepressant-like activity similar to fluoxetine which may be mediated by its antioxidant and radical scavenging components.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

antidepressant
forced swimming test
mice
reserpine
Malva sylvestris
1. Kukuia KK, Mante PK, Woode E, Ameyaw EO, Adongo DW. Antidepressant Effects of Mallotus oppositifolius in Acute Murine Models. ISRN Pharmacol. 2014; 2014: 324063.
2. Hackley B. Antidepressant medication use in pregnancy. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2010; 55(2): 90-100.
3. Nestler EJ, Barrot M, DiLeone RJ, Eisch AJ, Gold SG, Monteggia LM. Neurobiology of depression. Neuron. 2002; 34: 13–25.
4. Morrowatisharifabad MA, Servat F, Sotoudeh A, Assadian A, Eisapareh K, Ghasemie R, et al. Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Workers, Petrochemical Industry. Ohhp. 2018; 2(3): 234- 44. [Persian]
5. Montazeri A, Mousavi SJ, Omidvari S, Tavousi M, Hashemi A, Rostami T. Depression in Iran: a systematic review of the literature (2000-2010). Payesh. 2013; 12 (6): 567-59. [Persian]
6. Mirzaei M, Yasini Ardekani SM, Mirzaei M, Dehghani A. Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Adult Population: Results of Yazd Health Study. Iran J Psychiatry. 2019; 14(2):137-146.
7. Feder A, Nestler EJ, Charney DS. Psychobiology and molecular genetics of resilience. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2009; 10: 446–57.
8. Wilson E, Lader M. A review of the management of antidepressant discontinuation symptoms. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2015; 5(6): 357–68.
9. Onasanwo SA, Chatterjee M, Palit G. Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Potentials of Dichloromethane Fraction from Hedranthera barteri. Afr. J Biomed. Res. 2010; 13 (1): 76 –81.
10. Hillhouse TM, Porter JH. A brief history of the development of antidepressant drugs: from monoamines to glutamate. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2015; 23(1): 1–21.
11. Scapagnini G, Davinelli S, Drago F, De Lorenzo A, Oriani G. Antioxidants as antidepressants: fact or fiction?. CNS Drugs. 2012; 26(6): 477-90.
12. Shokrollahi S, Gholam Ali H. Different Aspects of Mallow (Malva sylvestris) and Results of New Research Findings: A Review. J Neyshabur Univ Med Sci. 2016; 4 (1): 1-8. [Persian]
13. Mustafa A, Ali M. New steroidal lactones and homomonoterpenic glucoside from fruits of Malva sylvestris L. J Acta Pol Pharm. 2011; 68(3): 393-401.
14. Taha Nezhad M, Barzegar M, Sahari MA, Naghdi Badi HA. Evaluating antiradical activity of Mallow (Malva sylvestris L.) extracts and its application in the oil system. Iranian J of Med Plants. 2012; 11(42): 86-97. [Persian]
15. Mirazi N, Shamohammadi S, Hosseini A. Effects of Malva Silvestris Hydroethanolic Extract on Seizure Induced by Intravenous Injection of Pentylenetetrazole in Male Mice. J Adv Med Biomed Res. 2015; 23(101): 98-107.
16. Gonda R, Tomoda M, Shimizu N, Yamada H. Structure and anticomplementary activity of an acidic polysaccharide rom the leaves of Malva sylvestris var. auritiana. Carbohydr Res. 1990; 198: 323-29.
17. Beyrami Miavaghi A, Farokhi F. The effects of prostodin and hydroalcoholic extract of malvaneglecta on the levels of hepatic enzymes and factors and its histopathological changes in female rats. Qom Univ Med Sci J. 2015; 8(5):2-11. [Persian]
18. Rabiei Z, Movahedi E, Rafieian-Kopaei M, Lorigooini Z, Antidepressant effects of Trifolium pratense hydroalcholic extract in mice. Iran J Physiol Pharmacol. 2018; 2(1):24-33. [Persian]
19. Rabiei Z, Mokhtari Sh, Babaei F, Rafieian-kopaei M. Effect of Kombucha Tea on Depression and Motor Activity in Mice. JMP. 2017; 1(61): 156-66. [Persian]
20. Zavvari F, Karimzadeh F. A Methodological Review of Development and Assessment of Behavioral Models of Depression in Rats. Shefaye Khatam. 2015; 3 (4): 151-60. [Persian]
21. Lori-Gooini Z, Rabiei Z, Farhadi B, Bijad E, Azomon E, Rafieian-Kopaei M, Investigation of chemical compounds and effects of Achilea wilhelmsii L essential oil on antioxidant and malondialdehyde levels of serum and brains of reserpined mice. Iran J Physiol Pharmacol. 2018; 2(3): 166-76. [Persian]
22. El-Sisi S FI. Evaluation of the antidepressant like effect for some natural supplementsagainst reserpine induced behavioral depression in mice. NY Sci J. 2011; 4(10): 93-104.
23. Hashemi Shahraki F, Namjoo A R, Ghasemi Pirbalout A, lorigooini Z, Rafieian-Kopaei M, Gholami Arjenaki M. Antidepressant- like effect of essential oil of Lavandula angustifolia Mill and Citrus bigaradia Duh with forced swimming test in reserpinized mice Balb/C. RJMS. 2017; 23 (151) :77-85. [Persian]
24. Patil R, Dhawale K, Gound H, Gadakh R. Protective efffect of leaves of Murraya koenigii on reserpine-induced orofacial dyskinesia. IJRP. 2012; 11(2): 635-41.
25. Rahnama S, Rabiei Z, Alibabaei Z, Mokhtari S, Rafieian-kopaei M, Deris F. Anti-amnesic activity of Citrus aurantium flowers extract against scopolamine-induced memory impairments in rats. Neurol Sci. 2015; 36(4): 553-60.
26. Farina A, Doldo A, Cotichini V, Rajevic M, Quaglia MG, Mulinacci N, et al. HPTLC and reflectance mode densitometry of anthocyanins in Malva silvestris L. a comparison with gradient-elution reversed-phase HPLC. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1995; 14(1-2): 203-11.
27. Eloff JN. Which extractant should be used for the screening and isolation of antimicrobial components from plants? J Ethnopharmacol. 1998:60(1): 1-8.
28. Prudente AS, Loddi AM, Duarte MR, Santos AR, Pochapski MT, Pizzolatti MG, et al. Pre-clinical anti-inflammatory aspects of a cuisine and medicinal millennial herb: Malva sylvestris L. Food Chem Toxicol. 2013; 58: 324-31.
29. Saaby L, Rasmussen HB and Jager AK. MAOA inhibitory activity of quercetin from Calluna ulgaris (L.) Hull. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009; 121: 178-81.
30. Hai-bo Z, YingP and Ling-dong K. Antidepressant effect of Epimedium brevicornum extracts. Chin. Trad Herbal Drugs. 2005; 10: 34-40.
31. Shen Z, Chen Y, Huang J and Hu Z. The gene expression profile in hypothalamus-pituitaryadrenal-thymus (HPAT) axis from EF-treated old rats. Chin. J Immunol. 2004; 20: 59 - 62.
32. Tabaraki R, Yosefi Z, Asadi Gharneh HA. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Malva sylvestris L. J Res Agric Sci. 2012; 8(1): 59-68.
33. Beghdad MC, Benammar C, Bensalah F, Sabri F, Belarbi M, Chemat F. Antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoid content in leaves, flowers, stems and seeds of mallow (Malva sylvestris L.) from North Western of Algeria. AJB. 2014; 13(3): 486-491.
34. Zaringhalami S, Khataei M. Determination of Some chemical composition of Dog Rose fruit and seed. JFST. 2017; 64(14): 1-8. [Persian]
35. Koczka N, Stefanovits-Bányai É, Ombódi A. Total Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Rosehips of Some Rosa Species. Medicines (Basel). 2018; 5(3): 84.
36. Milaneschi Y, Bandinelli S, Penninx BW, Corsi AM, Lauretani F, Vazzana R. et al. The relationship between plasma carotenoids and depressive symptoms in older persons. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2011; 13(8): 588–598.
37. Razavi M, Zarrini G, Molavi G, Ghasemi G. Bioactivity of Malva sylvestris L., a medicinal plant from Iran. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2011; 14(6): 574-9.
38. Blondeau N, Nguemeni C, Debruyne DN, Piens M, Wu X, Pan H, Hu X, et al. Subchronic alpha-linolenic acid treatment enhances brain plasticity and exerts an antidepressant effect: a versatile potential therapy for stroke. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2009; 34(12): 2548-59.
39. DellaGreca M, Cutillo F, D'Abrosca B, Fiorentino A, Pacifico S, Zarrelli A. Antioxidant and radical scavenging properties of Malva sylvestris. Nat Prod Commun. 2009; 4(7):893-6.
40. Capra JC1, Cunha MP, Machado DG, Zomkowski AD, Mendes BG, Santos AR, et al. Antidepressant-like effect of scopoletin, a coumarin isolated from Polygala sabulosa (Polygalaceae) in mice: evidence for the involvement of monoaminergic systems. Eur J Pharmacol. 2010; 643(2-3): 232-8.