تاثیر فاکتورهای آب و هوایی بر احتمال وجود و پراکندگی جغرافیایی فلبوتوموس پاپاتاسی، ناقل اصلی لیشمانیوز جلدی روستایی در شهرستانهای انتخابی استان خوزستان سال1397

نویسندگان
شهلا بیگدلی 1
الهام مراغی 2
منا شریفی فرد 1
الهام جهانی فرد 1
احمد علی حنفی بجد 3
1 مرکز تحقیقات بیماریهای عفونی و گرمسیری خلیج فارس، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی شاپور اهواز، اهواز، ایران
2 گروه آمار و اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی شاپور اهواز، اهواز، ایران
3 گروه حشره شناسی پزشکی و مبارزه با ناقلین، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه

فلبوتوموس پاپاتاسی، ناقل اصلی لیشمانیوز جلدی روستایی با عامل لیشمانیا ماژور در ایران می‌باشد که پراکندگی وسیعی در کشور دارد. هدف این مطالعه تعیین اثر فاکتورهای آب و هوایی بر احتمال وجود ناقل در برخی از شهرستان‌های استان خوزستان می‌‌باشد.

مواد و روش­ها

در این مطالعه مقطعی، طی دو فصل پشه خاکی‌ها از 5 شهرستان انتخابی جمع‌آوری شدند. اطلاعات هواشناسی مناطق تحت مطالعه از سازمان هواشناسی تهیه گردید. برای بررسی احتمال وجود ناقل اصلی با متغیرهای محیطی از ضریب همبستگی اسپیرمن و برای مقایسه این احتمال در مناطق نمونه‌گیری از آزمون کروسکال والیس استفاده شد. نقشه پراکندگی ناقل اصلی در نرم افزار ArcGIS 10.5 ترسیم گردید.

یافته­ها

از884 عدد پشه خاکی صید شده، 506 عدد فلبوتوموس پاپاتاسی بودند، که به تعداد زیادی از اماکن داخلی صید شدند. بیشترین تعداد فلبوتوموس پاپاتاسی درشهرستان اهواز 151 (8/29%) و کمترین تعداد این گونه در شهرستان اندیمشک، 4 (79/0 %) مشاهده گردید. اختلاف معنی‌داری بین محل جغرافیایی و احتمال وجود ناقل اصلی لیشمانیوز جلدی روستایی بود (0001/0 ˂P). درجه حرارت در مناطق نمونه‌گیری اختلاف معنی‌داری داشت ( 024/0= P). با تاثیر فاکتور دما، بیشترین و کمترین احتمال وجود ناقل به ترتیب در دشت آزادگان (05/0 ± 71/0) و اندیمشک (03/0 ± 01/0) گزارش گردید.

نتیجه­گیری

در مطالعه حاضر فلبوتوموس پاپاتاسی به عنوان گونه غالب صید گردید. با کنترل اثر مخدوش‌کنندگی فاکتور محیطی درجه حرارت، بین احتمال وجود این گونه در شهرستان اندیمشک با سایر شهرستان‌ها اختلاف معنی‌داری مشاهده شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
فلبوتوموس پاپاتاسی
لیشمانیوز جلدی
فاکتورهای آب و هوایی
ایران

عنوان مقاله English

Influence of climatic factors on probability of presence and geographical distribution of Phlebotomus papatasi, main vector of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, in selected counties of Khuzestan Province, 2018

نویسندگان English

Shahla Bigdeli 1
Elham Maraghi 2
Mona Sharififard 1
Elham Jahanifard 1
Ahmad Ali Hanafi Bojd 3
1 Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction

Phlebotomus papatasi, the main vector of cutaneous leishmaniasis with the agent of Leishmania major is in Iran that is widely distributed in the country. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of climatic factors on the presence probability of a vector in some counties of Khuzestan Province.

Materials and Methods

In this cross-sectional study, sand flies were collected from 5 selected counties during two seasons. The climatic information of the study areas was obtained from the Meteorological Organization. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to investigate the presence probability of the main vector with environmental variables. The spatial distribution of the main vector was prepared in ArcGIS 10.5.

Results

Of the 884 collected sand flies, 506 of them were Ph. papatasi. The highest number of Ph. papatasi was observed in Ahvaz 151 (29.8%) and the lowest number was observed in Andimeshk 4 (0.79%). There was a significant difference between the geographical location and the probability of being the main vector of rural cutaneous leishmaniasis (P˂0.0001). The temperature was significantly different in the sampling areas (P= 0.024). With the influence of the temperature factor, the highest and lowest probability of vector was reported in Dasht-e-Azadegan (0.71 ± 0.05) and Andimeshk (0.01 ± 0.03), respectively.

Conclusion

In the present study, Ph. papatasi is a dominant species. By controlling the confounding effect of environmental factor, temperature, there was a significant difference between the presence probability of this species in Andimeshk county with other counties.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Phlebotomous papatasi
cutaneous leishmaniasis
climatic factors
Iran
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