بررسی وضعیت ایمنی و بهداشت کارخانه چینی‌سازی با استفاده از شاخص Elmeri

نویسندگان
مصطفی جعفری 1
راضیه جعفری زاده 2
اکرم تبریزی 1
1 گروه مهندسی بهداشت حرفه‌ای و ایمنی کار، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد، گناباد، ایران
2 گروه اپیدمیولوژی و آمار زیستی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد، گناباد، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه

جهت پیشگیری از بروز حوادث و حفظ سلامت کارگران، شناسایی و ارزیابی خطرات اولویت اساسی است. عمده مطالعاتی که به ارزیابی عملکرد ایمنی و بهداشت حرفه‌ای پرداخته‌اند، روش‌های گذشته‌نگر بوده‌اند و مطالعات اندکی از روش‌های پیشگیرانه استفاده نموده‌اند. این مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی ایمنی و بهداشت با استفاده از شاخص کمی Elmeri و روش JSA انجام شد.

مواد و روش‌­ها

این مطالعه تحلیلی-مقطعی در واحدهای کاری کارخانه چینی‌سازی و در 105 ایستگاه کاری انجام شد. ۹ واحد شامل واحدهای آماده‌سازی مواد اولیه، فرمینگ، قالب‌سازی و ریخته‌گری، پرس، پرداخت، لعاب، کوره، دکور و بسته‌بندی بررسی شد. تجزیه تحلیل نتایج با نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 16 انجام شد.

یافته‌­ها

بر اساس JSA بیشترین میزان ریسک در بسته‌بندی و کمترین آن در پرداخت‌کاری بود. شاخص کل Elmeri برابر با ۸/۵۹ به دست آمد. بالاترین نمره کل شاخص Elmeri مربوط به پرس با امتیاز ۷۶ درصد و در سطح خوب بود و امتیاز واحد‌های قالب‌سازی و ریخته‌گری، فرمینگ، پرداخت، کوره، لعاب، بسته‌بندی به ترتیب برابر با ۶۳، ۶۰، ۵۵، ۶/۵۵، ۶/۶۷ و ۴/۵۸ به دست آمد که در سطح متوسط قرار داشت. دکور با امتیاز نمره کل شاخص Elmeri ۱/۴۶ در سطح ضعیف قرار گرفت.

نتیجه‌­گیری

باتوجه‌به اینکه شاخص Elmeri شاخصی مشاهده‌ای برای بررسی سطح ایمنی و بهداشت است و می‌تواند به‌سرعت میزان رعایت ایمنی و بهداشت را نشان دهد، توصیه می‌شود ابتدا بر اساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از این روش، واحدها را در صنعت اولویت‌بندی کرد و بررسی جامع‌تر این واحدها را در صورت نیاز با استفاده از روش‌های دقیق‌تر انجام داد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
شاخص Elmeri
JSA
ایمنی
ارزیابی ریسک
صنعت تولید چینی

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation of the health and safety status in the Porcelain Manufacturing Industry Using the Elmeri index

نویسندگان English

mostafa jafari 1
raziyeh jafarizadeh 2
akram tabrizi 1
1 Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Faculty of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction

In order to prevent accidents and protect workers' health, identifying and assessing risks is a basic priority. Most studies that have evaluated occupational health and safety performance have used retrospective methods, and few studies have used preventive methods. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating health and safety using the Elmeri quantitative index and the JSA method.

Materials and Methods

This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the work units of a porcelain factory and 105 workstations. Nine units, including raw material preparation, forming, molding and casting, pressing, polishing, glazing, oven, decoration, and packaging were investigated. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software.

Results

According to the JSA, the highest amount of risk was in packaging and the lowest in payment. The total Elmeri index was 59.8. The highest total score of the Elmeri index was related to the pre-pressing unit with a score of 76% and at a good level, and the scores of the molding and casting, forming, polishing, furnace, glazing, and packaging units were 63, 60, 55, 55.6, 67.6, and 58.4, respectively, which were at a medium level. The decor unit was at a weak level with a total Elmeri index score of 46.1.

Conclusion

Considering that the observational Elmeri index can show the level of safety and health very quickly, it is recommended to first prioritize the units in the industry based on the results obtained from this method and conduct a comprehensive review of these units using more accurate methods if needed.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Elmeri Index
Job safety analysis
Safety
Risk assessment
Porcelain Manufacturing Industry
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